System of electric distribution.



v No. 704,484. Patented July 8, I902. C. J. A. MICHALKE.

SYSTEM 0F ELECTRIC DISTRIBUTION.

(Application filed Mar. 10, 1900.

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UNITED I STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

CARL J. A. MICHALKE, OF CHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO SIEMENS dzHALSKE ELECTRIC COMPANY OF AMERICA, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATIONOF ILLINOIS.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC DiSTRiBUTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 704,484, dated July 8,1902.

Original application filed December 31, 1897, Serial No. 665,185.Divided and this application filed March 10,1900. Serial No. 81201. (Nomodel.)

To rtZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL J. A. MIOHALKE, a subject of the Emperor ofGermany, residing at Charlottenburg, Germany, have in- Vented a certainnew and useful Improvement in Systems of Electrical Distribution, (CaseNo. 358,) of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exactdescription, reference being bad to the accompanying drawing, forming apart of this specification.

My invention relates to electrical systems of distribution, and has forits object to provide an improved means for transmitting synchronousmotion from one point to another situated at a greater or less distancetherefrom in such a manner that a determined movement at one point maybe accurately reproduced at a distant point.

In application, Serial No. 665,184, filed December 31, 1897, I haveshown a system for transmitting a synchronous motion over long distancesin which dynamo-electric machines are used for both the transmitting andreceiving devices, any movement of the transmitting device causing acorresponding movement of the movable element of the receiving device.In an application, Serial No. 665,185, filed December 31, 1897, Ihavelikewise shown a system for accomplishing the same result; but in thissystem the transmitting device comprises a transforming deviceconstituting a subdivided source of multiphase current, together withswitching means interposed between the transforming device and thereceiving device, the contacts of the switching means being arranged toso vary the connections between the subdivided source and the winding onone of the elements of the receiving device that the said receivingdevice will be caused to move bya predetermined amount whenever thecontacts of the switching device are shifted.

In my present application I provide a system for the transmission ofmotion in which the number of transmission conductors is greatly reducedbelow the number required in this system disclosed in my application No.(365,185. The transforming device and the switching means are also of animproved and simplified construction and their interconnections aregreatly reduced.

Generally speaking, the system constituting my present inventioncomprises a receiving device one of the members of which is providedwith a plurality of angularly-displaced windings and a subdivided sourceof single-phase current connected thereto through a switching means insuch a manner that the rotation of the device constituting the switchingmeans will cause the currents supplied to the angularly-displacedwindings to be varied in such a manner as to produce a continuousprogression of the magnetic field generated thereby. The switching meanswhich I prefer to employ comprises a plurality of circularcontact-rings, one of the rings being subdivided into sections andconnected to the subdivided source, the remaining undivided rings beingin electrical connection with the terminals of the angularly-displacedwindings of the receiving device, the revolutions of which are to begoverned through the agency of said switching means. The other member ofthe switching means consists of a rotatably-mounted spider carryingcontacts adapted to connect the undivided rings in various combinationswith the sections of the subdivided ring. The sections of the subdividedring are united to corresponding points in the winding of thetransforming device in such a manner that by a rotation of the spiderthe angularly-displaced windings of the receiving device will haveinversely varying electromotive forces impressed thereon, so that thephase of the field created thereby will be progressively shifted, thearrangement preferably being such that the total amount of power whichthe windings are capable of developing will be constant throughout allthe positions of the switching means.

I will describe my invention more in detail by referring to theaccompanying drawing, illustrating an embodiment thereof.

I have herein shown a single-phase source P,supplying current to thewinding of a transformer T, the source being connected to thetransformer-winding at the points p'p I have in this instance shown thetransformer as constructed in the shape of a hollow rectangle; but, asis well understood, the same may be of any desired construction. Theconnections of the single-phase source to the winding of the transformerare made at points 1) p instead of at the terminals of the winding, sothat an increased pressure maybe obtained above that supplied by thesinglephase source. The transformer is provided with a set of secondaryterminals a b e (Z efg, constituting a subdivided source of singlephasealternating current.

In connection with the transforming device I employ my improvedswitching means U, consisting of a plurality of circular contactrings b12 I1 1) and another contact-ring a portion of which is divided intosections a Z) c d cf g, the said sections comprising onehalf of. thetotal circumference of the outer contact ring and being connected,respectively, to the terminals or b c d cf g of the transformer-xvindingT Contact-rings b b I), are connected, respectively, tocollectorterminals .9 s s s of a receiving device m, whose rotations areadapted to be governed by the said switching means U. To establishcontact between the contact-rings b 1),, I) l), and points of differentpotential along the periphery of the outer ring a, I employ arotatablyanou nted contact-spider provided with four arms 70 713 7c, thesaid arms supporting contacts upon the outer extremities thereof whichare adapted to engage the ring a and the sections thereof b 0 cl 6 f g,resistances in being provided, so that the circuit need not be broken inpassing from section to section, as is well understood in the art. Thecontact upon the arm is in electrical connection with a circularcontact-ring b the contacts upon arms k In" 7& being also in electricalengagementwith the circular contact-rings I2 I 1),, respectively.Opposite contact-arms support the contact-terminals for one of thewindings of the receiving device. A second winding, in this instanceshown as stationary, is provided upon the receiving device m, the saidwinding being preferablyshort-circuited.

The operation of the machine will now be understood. In the positionshown in the drawing the sliding contact-terminals s s are not havingany pressure impressed thereon, while the contact-terminals s s arehaving a maximum pressure impressed thereon equal to the tension betweenthe terminals (4 g of the transformer T. IVith the particulartransformer shown the potential at these terminals is larger than thepotential of the single-phase source. The current flowing in the windingconnected to the contact-terminals s 5 creates in the movable member ofthe receiving device a field along a certain line or lines, and thereaction between this field and field due to the winding on the fixedmember produces a movement in such a direction as will reduce thereaction to a minimum. In the particular arrangement illns unease tratedthe winding on the fixed member of the receiving device isshort-circuited, and with such a winding the relative motion between themovable and the stationary parts of the receiving device will be of sucha character as to bring the movable member into that position in whichthe least amount of current will be induced in the short-circuitedwinding. If now the contact-spider be moved until the contact-arm 7&engages with the segment 1) and the arm 764 with the segment f, apotential equal to the potential between the terminal a b will beimpressed upon the winding connected to the terminal .9 s and thepotential impressed upon the winding connected to the terminals 5 s willbe slightly reduced. A resultant field will now be created in themovable member of the receiving device, which field will be displaced inposition with the particular arrangement illustrated by the same angularamount as the angle of displacement of the contactspider. The spacing ofthe terminals a Z) 0 (Z c f 1 upon the transformer winding is preferablyso chosen that the magnitude of the resultant field developed by theangularly-displaced windings of the receiving device will always be thesame irrespective of the position of the contact-spider. The fieldgenerated in the rotating member of the receiving device having beendisplaced by a certain amount, a relative motion will take place betweenthe movable and the stationary parts until a minimum current again flowsin the short-circuited winding, the movement of the rotating part of thereceiving device therefore corresponding to the movement of theswitch-arm. Any desired power may be exerted by the receiving device072, while the power necessary to operate the switching mechanism willbe only that which is necessary to overcome the friction of the contactportions upon the contactrings.

While I have herein shown and particularly described the preferredembodiment of my invention, I do not wish to limit myself to the precisearrangement shown, as modifications thereof may readily be made by thoseskilled in the art without departing from the spirit thereof; but,

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, the following:

1. In combination, a dynamo-electric machine, one member of which isprovided with a plurality of angularly-displaced windings, and means forinversely varying the supply of effective current from a single-phasesource to said angularly-displaced windings.

2. In combination, a dynamo-electric ma chine, one member of which isprovided with a plurality of angularly-displaced windings, the windingon the other member being adapted to be traversed by single-phasealternating currents, a subdivided source of singlephase alternatingcurrent, and a switching device interposed between said source and saidangularly-displaced windings,theswitching device being constructed andarranged to inversely vary the potentials at the terminals of the saidwindings.

3. In combination, a dynamo-electric machine, one member of which isprovided with a plurality of angularly-displaced windings, the windingon the other member being shortcircuited, asubdivided source ofsingle-phase alternating current, and a switching device constructed andarranged to supply current from said source to said windings in such amanner as to produce a progressive shifting of the field produced bysaid windings.

4. In combination, a dynamo-electric machine, one member of which isprovided with a plurality of angularly-displaced windings, the windingonthe other member being adapted to be traversed by single-phasealternating currents, a single-phase transforming device provided with aplurality of secondary terminals, and a switching device arranged tosuccessively vary the connections between the terminals of thetransforming device and the angularly-displaced windings of thereceiving device in such a manner as to produce a progressive shiftingof the field generated in the member on which the angularlydisplacedwindings are mounted.

5. In combination, a dynamo-electric machine, one member of which isprovided with a plurality of angularly-displaced windings, the windingon the other inemberbeing adapted to be traversed by single-phasealternating currents, a subdivided source of singlephase alternatingcurrent provided with a plurality of terminal leads, and a switchingdevice arranged to successively vary the connection between the saidleads and the angularly-displaced windings of the receiving device insuch a manner as to produce a successive shifting of the field generatedin the member upon which the angularly-displaced windings are mounted.

6. In combination, a dynamo-electric machine, one member of which isprovided with a plurality of angularly-displaced windings,

the winding on the other member being adapted to be traversed bysingle-phase alternating currents, a subdivided source of singlephasealternating electromotive force, and a switching device comprising tworelatively movable sets of contacts, the contacts of one set beingconnected to said subdivided source, and the contacts of the other setto the angularly-displaced windings of the receiving device.

7. In an alternating-current system of distribution, the combinationwith a source of current, of a single-phase transformer provided with awinding adapted to be connected to said source, a switching meansprovided with contact-terminals,said contact-terminals being inelectrical engagement with points of different potential upon thewinding of the said transformer, a dynamo-electric machine, one of themembers of which is provided with a plurality of angularly-displacedwindings, and means for interconnecting the said windings with differentcontact-terminals of the said switching means, substantially asdescribed.

8. In a system of distribution, the combination with a source ofalternating current, of a single-phase transformer-winding, said windingbeing adapted for inclusion in circuit with the said source,contact-terminals, said contact-terminals being in electrical engagementwith points of different potential upon the said winding, adynamo-electric machine, one of the members of which is provided with aplurality of angularly-displaced windings, the other member beingprovided with a short-circuited winding, and means for interconnectingthe said angularly-displaced windings with the saidcontact-terminals,substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 14th day ofFebruary, A. D. 1900.

CARL J. A. MICHALKE.

Witnesses:

W'oLDEMAR HAUPT, WILLIAM MAYNER.

